Vim Notes

Current Line (Left-Right) Motions

f{char} - move the cursor to the {char} to the right
F{char} - move the cursor to the {char} to the left
t{char} - move the cursor to before the {char} to the right
T{char} - move the cursor to after the {char} to the left
; - repeat the latest f, F, t, or T move
, - repeat the latest f, F, t, or T move in the opposite direction

Copy/Paste within Vim

Pasting the word once

yiw - Yank the current word
viwp - Replace the current word (move cursor before pasting)

Pasting the same word multiple times (does not work in VsVim)

yiw - Yank the current word
cw<C-r>0<ESC> - Paste the word in Insert Mode using <C-r>0

Copy/Paste to the Clipboard

"+yiw - Yank the current word to the Clipboard - " register + clipboard yank inner word
:%y+ - Copy the entire buffer to the Clipboard
"+p - Paste from the Clipboard - " register + clipboard put
:pu+ - Paste from the Clipboard - : command-line pu put + clipboard
:0pu+ - Paste at the top of the buffer from the Clipboard
:$pu+ - Paste at the end of the buffer from the Clipboard

Normal Mode

<C-g> - Prints current filename (Go To Line in VsVim)
1<C-g> - Prints current filename with full path (Go To Line in VsVim)
2<C-g> - Prints current filename with full path and buffer number (Go To Line in VsVim)
g<C-g> - Prints column, line, word, and byte counts (Go To Line in VsVim)
gx - Opens the URL under the cursor using the web browser

Normal Mode to Visual Mode

v - Enable character-wise Visual Mode
V - Enable line-wise Visual Mode
<C-v> - Supposed to enable block-wise Visual Mode (Paste in VsVim)
gv - Reselect the last visual selection

Normal Mode to Command-Line Window

q/ - Open the Command-Line Window with history of searches
q: - Open the Command-Line Window with history of Ex commands

Visual Mode

<C-g> - Toggle between Visual Mode and Select Mode (Go To Line in VsVim)
o - Go to other end of highlighted text

Insert Mode

<C-h> - Delete back one character (backspace) (does not work in VsVim)
<C-w> - Delete back one word (does not work in VsVim)
<C-u> - Delete back to start of line (does not work in VsVim)
<Esc> - Switch to Normal mode
<C-[> - Switch to Normal mode (does not work in VsVim)
<C-o> - Switch to Insert Normal mode for a single command (does not work in VsVim)
<C-r>{register} - Paste text from register (does not work in VsVim)
<C-r><C-p>{register} - Paste text from register & fix any unintended indentation (!VsVim)
<C-r>={expression}<CR> - Paste result of expression (does not work in VsVim)

Digraphs

<C-k>{char}{char} - Insert character using a digraph (:digraphs to list digraphs) (!VsVim)
- 12 for ½
- .P, .M, Ob, 0m, sB, Db, Dw, *2, *1 for ⋅ · ∘ ○ ▪ ◆ ◇ ★ ☆
- OK, XX for ✓ ✗
- !=, /\, -: for ≠ × ÷
- A*, a*, B*, b* for Α α Β β (generate Greek letters with letter followed by *)
- 2s, 2S for ₂ ²
- >> for »
- <-, ->, -!, -v, UD, <> for ← → ↑ ↓ ↕ ↔
- <=, =>, == for ⇐ ⇒ ⇔
- UT, Dt, PR, PL for ▲ ▼ ▶ ◀
- uT, dT, Tr, Tl for △ ▽ ▷ ◁
Vim Digraphs Cheatsheet

Unicode Characters

<C-q>u{4-digits} - Insert character using its 4-digit hexadecimal Unicode value
- 2611, 2705 for ☑, ✅

Formatting

:set expandtab - Insert space characters whenever the tab key is pressed
(use <C-v><Tab> to insert a tab character)
:set tabstop=4 - Number of spaces to be inserted when the tab key is pressed
:set shiftwidth=4 - Number of space characters inserted for indentation
:retab - Change all the existing tab characters to match the current tab settings

Display

:set listchars=eol:$,space:-,tab:>#,trail:~ - Use in list mode & :list command
:set listchars=multispace:---+ - Characters to show for multiple consecutive spaces
:set [no|inv]list - Turn on list mode to display listchar strings (show spaces, tabs, etc)
:set [no|inv]wrap - Turn on wrap to display a long line on multiple lines
:set textwidth=0 - Turn off automatic line wrapping
:set [no|inv]number - Show the line number for each line
:set [no|inv]relativenumber - Show the line number for each line relative to the cursor

Spell Check

set [no|inv]spell - Turn on spell checking
setlocal spell spelllang=en_us - Turn on spell checking for U.S. English
]s - Go to the next misspelled word
[s - Go to the previous mispelled word
]S - Go to the next bad word (not rare words or words for another region)
[S - Go to the previous bad word (not rare words or words for another region)
z= - Suggest replacements for the current word
zg - Good Word - Add the current word to the dictionary
zug / zuw - Undo Good / Undo Word - Remove the word from the dictionary
zw - Woops! - Mark the word as a wrong (bad) word
:set ft=text - Force text-like spell checking by setting the filetype to text
:mkspell! $MYVIMDIR/spell/en.utf-8.add - Generate a Vim spell file (*.spl) from the word list

Complex Repeat (Macro)

q{register}{characters}q - Records typed characters into the register
(use uppercase register to append)
@{register} - Execute the contents of the register
@@ - Repeat the previous @{register}
:source {file} - Read Ex commands from {file}
:[range]source - Read Ex commands from lines in current buffer (all lines if no [range])
:source! {file} - Read Vim commands from {file}
(these are executed from Normal mode, like you type them)
:args - Print the argument list with the current file in square brackets
:argdo source {file} - Execute the Ex commands from {file} for each argument list file

Command-Line Mode

:[range]delete {register} - Delete specified lines into {register}
:[range]yank {register} - Yank specified lines into {register}
:[line]put {register} - Put the text from {register} after the specified line
:[range]copy {address} - Copy the specified lines to below the line specified by {address}
:[range]t {address} - t is an alias for copy (think of it as copy to)
:[range]move {address} - Move the specified lines to below the line specified by {address}
:[range]join - Join the specified lines
:[range]normal {commands} - Execute Normal mode {commands} on each specified line
:[range]substitute/{pattern}/{string}/[flags] - Replace occurrences of {pattern} with {string} on each line
:[range]global/{pattern}/[cmd] - Execute the Ex command [cmd] on all specified lines where the {pattern} matches
<C-f> - Switch to the Command-Line Window (move to line and hit <CR> to execute command, :q to quit)

Command-Line Completion

:{pattern}<C-d> - List names that match the pattern in front of the cursor
:set wildmode=longest,list - Complete to longest common substring, list all multiple matches
:set wildmode=full - Complete the next full match, cycles through all matches
:set wildmenu - Provide navigable list of suggestions

Range

1 - The first line
$ - The last line
0 - Virtual line above the first line
. - Line where the cursor is placed
'm - Line containing mark m
'< - Start of visual selection
'> - End of visual selection
% - The entire file (same as 1,$)

Substitute

:s/old/new/ - Replace the first occurrence on the current line
:s/old/new/{flags} - Substitute Flags:
- :s/old/new/i - Ignore case for the pattern search
- :s/old/new/c - Confirm each substitution
  (yes, no, all, quit, last, <C-e> to scroll up, <C-y> to scroll down)
- :s/old/new/g - Global (replace all occurrences) on the current line
- :%s/old/new/gn - Number of matches (reports without actual substitution)
- :s/old/new/& - Use same flags from previous substitute command - must be first flag
:%s/old/new/g - All lines (% is equivalent to 1,$)
:5,10s/old/new/g - Lines 5 through 10
:& - Repeat the last :s without the flags
:&& - Repeat the last :s with the flags

Shell

:shell - Start a shell (return to Vim with exit)
:!{cmd} - Execute {cmd} with the shell
:read !{cmd} - Execute {cmd} in the shell and insert its standard output below the cursor
:[range]write !{cmd} - Execute {cmd} in the shell with [range] lines as standard input
:[range]!{filter} - Filter the specified [range] through the external program {filter}

Arguments

:args - Display the current files in the argument list, with the current file in square brackets.
:next - Edit the next file in the argument list
:previous - Edit the previous file in the argument list
:first - Edit the first file in the argument list (same as :rewind)
:last - Edit the last file in the argument list
:argdo {cmd} - Execute the {cmd} Ex command for each file in the argument list

Buffers

:ls - List all of the buffers that have been loaded into memory
- % - Buffer in the current window
- # - Alternate buffer for :e # and <CTRL-^>
- a - Active buffer (loaded and visible)
- h - Hidden buffer (loaded but currently not displayed in a window)
- = - Readonly buffer
- + - Modified buffer
:bprevious - Go to the previous buffer in the buffer list
:bnext - Go to the next buffer in the buffer list
:bfirst - Go to the first buffer in the buffer list (same as :brewind)
:blast - Go to the last buffer in the buffer list
:bdelete - Unload current buffer and delete from buffer list (does not affect associated file)
:bufdo {cmd} - Execute the {cmd} Ex command for each buffer in the buffer list
:write - Write the whole buffer to the current file
:edit! - Discard changes to current buffer & read file from disk into buffer (revert changes)
:qall! - Exit Vim, discarding changes to all buffers without warning or confirmation
:wall - Write all modified buffers to disk (same as :argdo write)
:set hidden - A buffer becomes hidden when abandoned (:argdo, :bufdo, :cfdo)
:set nohidden - A buffer is unloaded when it is abandoned

Windows

<C-w>s - Split the current window horizontally
<C-w>v - Split the current window vertically
:split {file} - Split the current window horizontally, loading {file} into the new window
:vsplit {file} - Split the current window vertically, loading {file} into the new window
<C-w>w - Cycle between open windows
<C-w>h - Focus the window to the left
<C-w>j - Focus the window below
<C-w>k - Focus the window above
<C-w>l - Focus the window to the right
<C-w>c / :close - Close the active window
<C-w>o / :only - Keep only the active window, closing all others
<C-w>= - Equalize width and height of all windows
<C-w>_ - Maximize height of the active window
<C-w>| - Maximize width of the active window
[N]<C-w>_ - Set active window height to [N] rows
[N]<C-w>| - Set active window width to [N] columns

Vim Plugins

CycleColor

Cycle through available colorschemes

By Marvin Renich
Vim.org
Windows Fix by Daniel Moore
<F3> - Cycle Backward
<F4> - Cycle Forward

Sparkup

A parser to let you write HTML code faster

By Rico Sta. Cruz

vim-surround

Easily delete/change/add surroundings

By Tim Pope
Documentation
ds{char} - Delete Surroundings - {char} can be "')b}B]r>a or t for tag
cs{char}{replacement} - Change Surrounding {char} with {replacement}
(could be tag)
ys{motion}{char} - You Surround {motion} with {char} (could be tag)
yss{char} - You Surround - operates on current line (ignores leading whitespace)
yS{motion}{char} - You Surround - indents the text and places it on a line of its own
ySS{char} - You Surround - indents the current line and places it on a line of its own
v{motions}S{char} - wraps the visual selection with {char}
v{motions}gS{char} - wraps the visual selection on a line of its own with {char}

vim-unimpaired

Pairs of handy bracket mappings

By Tim Pope
Documentation
[a / ]a (:previous / :next) - edit previous / next file in the argument list
[A / ]A (:first / :last) - edit the first / last file in the argument list
[b / ]b (:bprevious / :bnext) - go to the previous / next buffer in the buffer list
[B / ]B (:bfirst / :blast) - go to the first / last buffer in the buffer list
[<Space> / ]<Space> - add blank lines above / below the cursor
[e / ]e - exchange the current line with the line above / below it
[oh / ]oh / yoh - on/off/toggle hlsearch
[oi / ]oi / yoi - on/off/toggle ignorecase
[ol / ]ol / yol - on/off/toggle list
[on / ]on / yon - on/off/toggle number
[or / ]or / yor - on/off/toggle relativenumber
[os / ]os / yos - on/off/toggle spell
[ow / ]ow / yow - on/off/toggle wrap